Assisted reproductive technique , which are called A.R.T., are a set of infertility treatment methods in which egg and sperm fertilization is done outside the uterus and in the laboratory, and the fertilized egg is transferred to the mother’s body. One of the most common assisted reproductive technique is IVF and several similar methods. These methods are usually combined with drug treatments.

A surrogate pregnancy is also known as “surrogate fertility” or “surrogate ovulation”. This process helps women who are unable to conceive naturally or for some reason cannot use their uterus. In this process, an egg is obtained from another woman (the ovulator), then fertilized with sperm (from a partner or sperm donor) outside the body. After successful insemination, the embryo is replaced in the pregnant woman’s uterus to continue the pregnancy process.

Donated sperm

Another method of assisted reproductive technique is sperm donation, a process in which a man donates his sperm to help an individual or couple conceive. This sperm can be used for artificial insemination or other infertility treatments such as in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Ovarian stimulation - natural action of OI-TI

In the topic of infertility and basic treatments in couples who have normal tests, simple methods such as determining the time of intercourse can be used. In this method, according to the woman’s ultrasound and the condition of the ovaries, ovulation stimulating drugs are prescribed at the doctor’s discretion.

These drugs are usually administered from the third to the seventh and eighth to the eleventh cycle, and according to the ultrasounds performed and the necessary investigations on the follicle, when the follicle reaches the size of 15 to 17 mm, through the prescription and injection of the egg release drug, The approximate time of ovulation and proximity is determined by the doctor. This method is very similar to IUI method.

Ovarian stimulation - artificial insemination OI- IUI

Ovary stimulation is done by artificial insemination (OI) in order to increase the number and quality of eggs. This method is especially useful for women who have irregular ovulation or ovulation problems.

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a method to increase the chances of pregnancy in which prepared sperm are injected directly into the uterus. This procedure is usually performed along with ovarian stimulation.

IVF

assisted reproductive technique with a success rate of about 35%
It is performed when the sperm sample of the patient’s wife is disturbed in terms of number, movement and normal shape, or the ovaries have little reserve, or there is a disorder in the uterine tubes, or a disorder in the sperm tubes (vasectomy).

In this method, the ovaries are stimulated to ovulate with hormonal drugs, and the process of egg growth is followed through ultrasound. When the egg reaches the appropriate size, the eggs are removed through the operating room and sent to the embryology department. In this method, the patient’s wife gives a sperm sample to the laboratory on the day of ovulation and artificial insemination is performed. The egg and sperm are placed in the culture medium and the embryo is formed or frozen or transferred to the uterus through fresh transfer.

ICSI

Exactly like the IVF method

with the difference that in this method sperm is injected into the egg.

Pregnancy in these methods is no different from normal pregnancy, only the hormones that are initially secreted from the placenta in normal pregnancy are injected into the woman through medicine in these methods.

Delivery will preferably be by cesarean section, but there is no contraindication for natural childbirth.

Complications of IVF:

There are two types of IVF side effects, either the side effects related to the use of drugs or the ovulation itself.

Many side effects are temporary and resolve within a few days. A small percentage of women experience serious problems that require a doctor’s intervention.

Complications of ovulation or puncture procedure:

Ovulation is performed with a light and short-term anesthesia. Some women may experience spotting or brief abdominal pain after ovulation, which is normal and can be resolved with some rest and painkillers. In very rare cases, there is a possibility of damage to the intestine, bladder and pelvic vessels, bleeding and infection, which can be ignored according to the expertise of the doctor.

IUI

A basic method with a success rate of about 20% is in the treatment of infertility. It is performed when the sperm sample of the patient’s wife has weak movement, but the number and other factors are suitable. In this method, the egg is released through stimulation of the ovary and the sperm sample Enters the uterus through a catheter.

It does not need to rest and the success rate is 20%.

No need for an operating room

Zift

In the zift method, a woman’s eggs are mixed with a man’s sperm in the laboratory, with the difference that the doctor waits for fertilization to occur, and then the embryo is transferred to the fallopian tubes through a small incision in the abdomen.

Gift

In the gift method, eggs are combined with male sperm in the laboratory and immediately after that, they are transferred to the fallopian tubes through a small incision in the abdomen. As a result, fertilization takes place inside the woman’s body and the embryo is implanted naturally.

donating

Some assisted reproductive methods require surgery and are therefore considered more invasive. Since the chances of success of these techniques are similar to IVF, doctors usually use conventional assisted reproductive techniques like IVF. In some cases, according to the circumstances, the doctor may determine the need to use other assisted reproductive methods.